Total Knee Replacement
The knee joint is made up of three bones, these are, the femur (thighbone), the tibia (shinbone), and the patella (kneecap). The knee is a hinge joint, however, it has a complex rotational component that occurs with flexion and extension of the knee. The knee is held together by muscles, ligaments and other soft tissue, that enables it to bear a significant weight. Cartilage is located inside the knee joint and provides shock absorption during weight bearing activities
Partial Knee Replacement
The knee joint is made up of three bones, these are, the femur (thighbone), the tibia (shinbone), and the patella (kneecap). The knee is a hinge joint, however, it has a complex rotational component that occurs with flexion and extension of the knee. The knee is held together by muscles, ligaments and other soft tissue, that enables it to bear a significant weight. Cartilage is located inside the knee joint and provides shock absorption during weight bearing activities (such as walking or climbing stairs).
Revision Knee Replacement
The vast majority of knee replacement surgery is successful. Rarely, the replacement comes loose, wears out, gets infected, becomes unstable, or even breaks. When this happens, it may need to be removed and a new replacement put in. This is called a revision knee replacement. Occasionally, a partial knee replacement will need revision not because the replacement is a problem, but because the parts of the knee that hadn’t been replaced are now worn out.
Knee Arthroscopy
An arthroscopy is sometimes called a "knee scope" or "keyhole surgery". It is performed under an anaesthetic and involves inserting a small camera and instruments into the knee to perform surgery inside the joint.
ACL Reconstruction
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a ligament in the middle of the knee that is very important in providing stability to the knee, especially in twisting movements.
The ACL is often ruptured during a pivoting or twisting movement, usually while playing sport. It can also be caused by a blow to the outside of the knee when the knee is bent.
MPFL Reconstruction
Normally, the patella (knee cap) sits in a groove (trochlear groove) on the end of the femur (thigh bone). The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is a ligament that attaches to the inner side of the patella and inner side of the end of the femur. It behaves like a rope that prevents the patella from dislocating toward the outer side of the knee. After a patella has dislocated once, the MPFL is often ruptured or stretched and so is less able to prevent the patella dislocating in future.
Knee Realignment Surgery
The knee joint is made up of three bones, these are, the femur (thighbone), the tibia (shinbone), and the patella (kneecap). The knee is a hinge joint, however, it has a complex rotational component that occurs with flexion and extension of the knee. The knee is held together by muscles, ligaments and other soft tissue, that enables it to bear a significant weight. Cartilage is located inside the knee joint and provides shock absorption during weight bearing activities
Trochleoplasty
Usually, the patella (knee cap) sits in a groove on the end of the femur (thigh bone). As the knee bends and straightens, the patella glides up and down in the groove, which is known as the trochlear groove. In some people, the patella can be unstable and even dislocate (come out of the groove), usually with twisting movements of the knee. There are multiple reasons why a patella may be unstable but sometimes it is because the groove is curved the wrong way, creating a dome, rather than a groove.
Microfracture
Microfracture is normally performed arthroscopically (through keyhole surgery). The first step is to identify the area of damage and assess its size, position and if the underlying bone is damaged as well. The loose or damaged cartilage is then cleared away leaving a bare bone surface.
OATS / Mosaicplasty
OATS stands for Osteochondral Autograft Transfer System. It is an operation to treat areas of a joint where cartilage and its underlying bone are damaged. In this operation plugs of cartilage and bone are taken from one area of the knee (where the cartilage is not very important) and transferred to an area of damage where it is very important to have cartilage.
Meniscal Debridement
The meniscus is a wedge shaped semi-circular pad made of fibro-cartilage that acts as the shock absorber of the knee.
Meniscal Repair
The meniscus is a wedge shaped semi-circular pad made of fibro-cartilage that acts as the shock absorber of the knee.
MCL Surgery
The MCL is a ligament on the medial or inner side of the knee, that attaches between the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (shin bone). It helps to stabilise the knee and prevent excessive side to side movement.
LCL Surgery
The LCL is a ligament on the lateral or outer side of the knee, that attaches between the femur (thigh bone) and the fibula. It helps to stabilise the knee and prevent excessive side to side movement.
Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy
A Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy (TTO) is surgery to move the insertion point of the patella tendon and fix it in a new position with screws. The tubercle is commonly moved distally or medially depending on the indication for surgery. The surgery may be combined with other procedures such as knee arthroscopy or MPFL reconstruction.